Unit+VII

Unit Seven!

Roosevelt's Diplomacy

 * Lowered the cost of gold to help increase the international trade
 * Wardebts payments expect for Finland were not owed anymore, the circular loans were now gone; FDR realized that since you can't pay back your loans, don't borrow more money to do so - Making things happen by taking risks & abandoning the Hoover Administration
 * Lowered the tariffs, the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act, lowed tariffs from the Hoover Administration; told other countries to lower all their tariffs, so that they could get trade moving in the world again - America stimulated international trade.

Conclusions from C27 - Preview - What's coming up next? |
Reasons why the U.S joined WWII:
 * Neutrality between nations became civil after the Great Depression
 * France began to fall to Germany in the beginning of WWII (takes over, not invade)
 * The public's opinion began to shift with FDR's presidency/war
 * FDR got reelected with the promise of not going into another war - longest serving president.
 * America made a committee to talk about the war, and to see what steps they were were willing to take
 * Neutrality within the world was being abandoned, because of WWII & alliances were being formed - U.S started to help other countries.
 * Germany continues to grow stronger & stronger.
 * Germany invaded Russia after international neutrality was broken
 * Japan decided to join the war after the Tripartite Pact
 * Pearl Harbor happened after Tokyo bombed the U.S station in Japan.
 * Hitler gaining power in Europe
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Economic ties with the allies - joining the war helps bring jobs to the U.S considering the unemployment situation;
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The threat of take over at some point by the access powers
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The attack on Pearl Harbor
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Moral Reason - Democracy (same thing as today - Afganistan, Iraq, Libya, Egypt - realizing it was dictatorship like in WWI in Germany, and most of Europe); if the U.S could help people become free & have a good gov't, it would help not just the U.S but other countries as well.

<span style="font-size: 1.3em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="color: #14adad; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Chapter 27 - Main Ideas Containing the Japanese - **The Allies tried to settle the Japanese in the Pacific against the very strong willed and armanent Japanese; Japanese advancement came to a stop in 1943 in the Pacific; Americans & New Zelanders settledf the process of moving towards the Philippines and Japan**


 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">**Competition -** After WWII, both were competiting for top power
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">**Competing Ideologies** - Drastic sets of beliefs, two compleltey differnent ways of doing things.
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">**Atomic Bomb -** U.S hid bomb for Soviet Union, used it to intimidate Soviets; Stalin didn't know about it, and neither did Truman did really;
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">**The future** - Future of Germany, Poland and other countries after WWII (competiting ideologies)
 * <span style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">**Russia Revolution of 1917 (Bolshevik Revoution - Communist)** - Russia dropped out of WWI, because of Russia becoming a communist country & how they were suppossed to be helping win the war. "Peace, Land, and bread" swayed people's ideas because of their starvation and desperation


 * Holding off the Germans** - Soviet Union was absorbing the brunt of the German war effort wanted the Allied offensives to happen as soon as possible; The british wanted to launch of series of attack around the edges of the Nazi empire.
 * America and the Holocaust** - American gov't resisted almost everything to get involved with the Holocaust, allies still flew missions withint a few miles of the death camps; resisted entreatties that involved large numbers the Jewish refugees attempting to escape Europe, Americans tried to help them but they didn't usetheir full potential, they didn't care that much; Claimed that the __most effective things they could do for the victims of the Holocaust was winning the war__;;
 * Prosperity -** WWII, the economic problems in the U.S vanished before the great wave of wartime industrial expansion; federal spending which was making more money for the U.S than any of the New Deal relief agencies **combined**.
 * The War and the West -** Pacific coast & Western states of the U.S were transformed and were becoming the center of the aircraft industry;
 * Labor and the War** -
 * Stablizing the Boom** - Nation was allowed to freeze agriculturalprices, wages, salaries and rents; didn't go other well with American people; national debt froze from $49 billion in 1941 to $259 billion in 1945;
 * Mobilizing Production** -War ecoonomy managed to meet almost all the nation's critical war needs; new industries developed and facvtories; America's output was twice than all of the Axis countries combined; complaints surfaced that the military production was becoming excessive in the near ned of the war
 * Wartime Science and Technology** - Radar and Sonar started to develop taking advantages of advances

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">United States v. U.S.S.R
(Soviet Union || UNITED STATES || <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 1.3em; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="color: #11c537; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Reasons why the U.S joined WWII:
 * U.S.SR
 * Democracy || Dictatorship ||
 * Capitalism || Communism ||
 * Background of the Cold War**
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Neutrality between nations became civil after the Great Depression
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">France began to fall to Germany in the beginning of WWII (takes over, not invade)
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The public's opinion began to shift with FDR's presidency/war
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">FDR got reelected with the promise of not going into another war - longest serving president.
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">America made a committee to talk about the war, and to see what steps they were were willing to take
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Neutrality within the world was being abandoned, because of WWII & alliances were being formed - U.S started to help other countries.
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Germany continues to grow stronger & stronger.
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Germany invaded Russia after international neutrality was broken
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Japan decided to join the war after the Tripartite Pact
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Pearl Harbor happened after Tokyo bombed the U.S station in Japan.
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Hitler gaining power in Europe
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Economic ties with the allies - joining the war helps bring jobs to the U.S considering the unemployment situation;
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The threat of take over at some point by the access powers
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The attack on Pearl Harbor
 * <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Moral Reason - Democracy (same thing as today - Afganistan, Iraq, Libya, Egypt - realizing it was dictatorship like in WWI in Germany, and most of Europe); if the U.S could help people become free & have a good gov't, it would help not just the U.S but other countries as well.

<span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 1.3em; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="color: #14adad; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Chapter 27 - Main Ideas <span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">**Containing the Japanese** - The Allies tried to settle the Japanese in the Pacific against the very strong willed and armanent Japanese; Japanese advancement came to a stop in 1943 in the Pacific; Americans & New Zelanders settledf the process of moving towards the Philippines and Japan


 * **Competition -** After WWII, both were competiting for top power
 * **Competing Ideologies** - Drastic sets of beliefs, two compleltey differnent ways of doing things.
 * **Atomic Bomb -** U.S hid bomb for Soviet Union, used it to intimidate Soviets; Stalin didn't know about it, and neither did Truman did really;
 * **The future** - Future of Germany, Poland and other countries after WWII (competiting ideologies)
 * **Russia Revolution of 1917 (Bolshevik Revoution - Communist)** - Russia dropped out of WWI, because of Russia becoming a communist country & how they were suppossed to be helping win the war. "Peace, Land, and bread" swayed people's ideas because of their starvation and desperation

==<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Democracy, Dictatorship, Capitalism and Communism - Definitions/Examples == = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">“The people who cast the votes don't decide an election, the people who count the votes do.” = -Joseph Stalin America decided to contain communism because they didn't want to enter another war, and they didn't like the way communism was used in the Soviet and they feared it.
 * Democracy -** system of gov't in which the people have a say; majority vote wins (Ex. Countries: United States, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, Sweeden, New Zealand)
 * U.S practices representative democracy; based on the Constitution**; Pure democracy would the people electing everything.
 * Dictatorship** - Autocractic form of gov't in which one person has ultimate power over pretty much everything, including it's citizens (Ex. Hitler - Germany, Stalin - Soviet Union, Mussolini - Italy)
 * Capitalism -** an economic system based on capital (money & property - goods that have value) - indiviuals and privatley owned companies control the capital; they control the means of production; goods needed to make things (Ex. Countries: Domican Republic, Jamacia, Iceland, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, Lebanon, Japan, Camboida, India) **America's form of capitalism is a __mixed__ economy -** America's gov't intervenes with rules and regulations in the gov't - taxes, etc.
 * Communism** - All money is seperated equally, there are no social classes that exist besides authority; common ownership; lack of certain rights and ownerships, (Ex. Countries Democratic People's Republic of Korea, People's Republic of China, Cuba, Vietnam, Laos)
 * Life in the Soviet Union:** Soviet Union practiced totalitarianism communism, under the dictatorship of Joseph Stalin; Soviet Union would arrest artists and authors; **religion was the state.**

<span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #ff0000; font-family: Georgia,serif; line-height: normal;">The Cold War at Home

**McCarthyism -** Invented by Sen. Joseph McCarthy of WI; Predjudice against commuism; persecution of communism due to fear; came to eventually mean hysteria and paranoia, trying to find Anti-American Communist; **Second Red Scar****e** - Fear of communists taking root in America and spreading their ideas; Where are the communists? We need to indentify them & put them in jail; very over-hyped; Witch-hunt for anti-communists **The Rosenbergs** - American communists who were convicted of espionage - transmitting atomic secrets to

he Soviet Union; sentenced to death - first conviction of the U.S o f espionage/execution of spies; **Alger Hiss** - Whittaker Chambers claimed Hiss has been spying for Soviets; Hiss was denied Chamber's accusations, Hiss was charged with perjury - first trial ended with a hung jury, second jury found Hiss guilty and sentenced him to 5 years; Hiss unsuccesffuly sued the gov't. **HUAC -** House Un-American Activites Commitee; attempted to prove that the Democrats were allowing communist behavior in the gov't when they wer in control ***On March 22, 1947 Harry S. Truman created an executive order in which the federal gov't - FBI - would investigate all American employees. Only a few were actually found to be non-loyal; some say Truman did this so that he would use this as being "not soft" on Soviets**

Glog on the Korean War - Project

media type="custom" key="8997028"

==<span style="color: #a4c3ef; font-family: Georgia,serif;">General Dwight D. Eisenhower == -Republican, 1954-1961 -34th Presdident -5-Star General -Credited for D-Day -One of his first actions as President, signed arminance of Korean War. -Downsized military -Pushed for the Federal Highway Act -Eisenhower pledged for pro-western gov't or Vietnam compared to the North -Supported creation of the bank of Vietnam, sent $$$ to Vietnam -Won reelection in 1956; -America changed after the launch of Sputnik, because they were racing the Soviets with space -At the end of the Eisenhower presidency, communism was overwhelming -Eisenhower felt as though war was the VERY last resort

<span style="color: #ff4300; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Homework for Unit VII
Chapter 27 - Opening Page.docx Chapter 28 - Opening PAges.docx Chapter 29 - Opening Page.docx
 * Chapter Opening Pages:**

Chapter 30 - Opening Page.docx

Chapter 28 - Key Terms 740-765.docx Chapter 29 - Opening Page.docx
 * Key Terms:**


 * Where Historians Disagree**